PCI\u6e38\u620f\u4e0e\u6587\u5316\u4ecb\u5165\u7684\u7b80\u4ecb<\/p>\n
\u6e38\u620f\u4e0e\u6587\u5316\u4ecb\u5165\uff08Play and Culture Intervention,PCI\uff09<\/p>\n
\u6768\u5b97\u4ec1 \u56fd\u7acb\u53f0\u5317\u6559\u80b2\u5927\u5b66\u7279\u6b8a\u6559\u80b2\u5b66\u7cfb<\/p>\n
\u6458\u8981\uff08\u7565\uff09<\/p>\n
\u6982\u8bba<\/p>\n
\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5a74\u5e7c\u513f\u4e0d\u8bba\u662f\u51fa\u751f\u4e8e\u4f55\u79cd\u6587\u5316\uff0c\u90fd\u80fd\u5b66\u4f1a\u5f53\u5730\u6587\u5316\u4e2d\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u3001\u98ce\u4fd7\u3001\u4e60\u60ef\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u8863\u98df\u4f4f\u884c\u80b2\u4e50\u4e0e\u5e94\u5bf9\u8fdb\u9000\u7684\u5185\u6db5\u4e0e\u8868\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f\u3001\u5404\u79cd\u6587\u7269\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u4e0e\u8fd0\u7528\u7b49\u7b49\uff1b\u56e0\u800c\u80fd\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u573a\u6240\u4e2d\u5bdf\u8a00\u89c2\u8272\uff0c\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u9002\u5207\u7684\u60c5\u7eea\u4e0e\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u7b80\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u6587\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002Tomasello,Kruger\u548cRatener(1993)\u66fe\u63d0\u51fa\u6587\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u6765\u8bf4\u660e\u81ea\u95ed\u75c7\u513f\u7ae5\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u81ea\u95ed\u75c7\u513f\u7ae5\u6709\u56f0\u96be\u900f\u8fc7\u6a21\u4eff\u5b66\u4e60\uff08imitative learning\uff09\u3001\u6559\u5b66\u5b66\u4e60\uff08instructed learning\uff09\u3001\u5408\u4f5c\u5b66\u4e60\uff08coorperative learning\uff09\u7b49\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u6587\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u7b14\u8005\u8ba4\u540c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u4f46\u52a0\u4ee5\u6269\u5145\u5176\u5185\u6db5\uff0c\u5c06\u6587\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u6269\u5145\u81f3\u793e\u4f1a\u6027\u8d8b\u5411\uff08social orienting\uff09(Mundy,&Burnette,2005)\u3001\u76f8\u4e92\u8c03\u63a7\uff08mutual regulation\uff09\u3001\u610f\u56fe\u89e3\u8bfb\uff08intention reading\uff09\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u6027\u53c2\u7167\uff08social referencing\uff09\u3001\u6e38\u620f\uff08play\uff09\u3001\u5206\u4eab\u5f0f\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\uff08joint attention\uff09\u3001\u5fc3\u667a\u7406\u8bba\uff08theory of mind\uff09\u3001\u4f1a\u8bdd\uff08conversation\uff09\u4e0e\u53d9\u4e8b\uff08narrating\uff09\u7b49\u4e0e\u6587\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u6709\u5173\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u6e38\u620f\u4e0e\u6587\u5316\u4ecb\u5165\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u4f9d\u636e\u5c31\u662f\u6587\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u3002\u4ea6\u5373\u4ee5\u5404\u79cd\u7684\u6587\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u80fd\u529b\u4e3a\u6b64\u4e00\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u4ecb\u5165\u76ee\u6807\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fbe\u6210\u4ecb\u5165\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u4e0a\uff0c\u6e38\u620f\u4e0e\u6587\u5316\u4ecb\u5165\u6a21\u5f0f\u5f3a\u8c03\u7ecf\u7531\u6e38\u620f\u4e0e\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u8fdb\u884c\u4ecb\u5165\uff0c\u80cc\u540e\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u662f\u5efa\u6784\u7406\u8bba\uff08constructive theory\uff09\u4e0e\u4eb2\u9a8c\u4e4b\u5fc3\uff08enactive mind\uff09(Volkmar,Paul,Klin,&Cohen,2005)\u3002\u5efa\u6784\u7406\u8bba\u5f3a\u8c03\u513f\u7ae5\u662f\u5185\u5728\u5fc3\u667a\u7684\u91cd\u65b0\u5efa\u6784\u8fdb\u884c\u5b66\u7cfb\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7ecf\u7531\u5916\u5728\u7684\u704c\u8f93\u8fdb\u884c\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\uff0c\u5efa\u6784\u7406\u8bba\u7740\u91cd\u513f\u7ae5\u7684\u5174\u8da3\u4e0e\u4e3b\u52a8\u5b66\u4e60\u3002\u800c\u4eb2\u9a8c\u4e4b\u5fc3\u5219\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e00\u5207\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d77\u6e90\u4e8e\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u800c\u7ecf\u9a8c\u5219\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e\u4e2a\u4f53\u4e0e\u73af\u5883\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4e92\u52a8\uff0c\u4eb2\u8eab\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u8ba4\u77e5\u7684\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u6b64\u79cd\u4eb2\u8eab\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e5f\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u5927\u8111\u795e\u7ecf\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8054\u7ed3\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f71\u54cd\u5230\u8ba4\u77e5\u7684\u8fd0\u4f5c\u3002\u800c\u793e\u4f1a\u8ba4\u77e5\u662f\u8ba4\u77e5\u4e2d\u7684\u7279\u522b\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u4e92\u52a8\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u793e\u4f1a\u4e92\u52a8\u7684\u5927\u91cf\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u8ba4\u77e5\u5c06\u88ab\u626d\u66f2\uff1b\u7531\u4e8e\u81ea\u95ed\u75c7\u513f\u7ae5\u7684\u65e9\u671f\u793e\u4f1a\u4e92\u52a8\u4e25\u91cd\u4e0d\u8db3\u4e0e\u5931\u8c03\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u5f71\u54cd\u5230\u5176\u5927\u8111\u793e\u4f1a\u6027\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u5f62\u6210\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5176\u793e\u4f1a\u8ba4\u77e5\u4e0e\u4f17\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u81ea\u95ed\u75c7\u513f\u7ae5\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u6027\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u793e\u4f1a\u6027\u60c5\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u6240\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u4eba\u3001\u4e8b\u3001\u7269\u5f80\u5f80\u4e0e\u4f17\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5927\u90e8\u4efd\u4eba\u90fd\u4f1a\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u793e\u4f1a\u6027\u60c5\u5883\u4e2d\u5173\u952e\u6027\u7684\u8baf\u606f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u8138\u90e8\u7684\u8868\u60c5\uff0c\u800c\u81ea\u95ed\u75c7\u513f\u7ae5\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u6ce8\u610f\u5634\u5df4\u6216\u8005\u7269\u54c1\u7b49\u975e\u5173\u7d27\u8981\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u6027\u8baf\u606f\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u5f71\u54cd\u5230\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0e\u4eba\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u4e92\u52a8\u3002\u4eb2\u9a8c\u4e4b\u5fc3\u5f3a\u8c03\u793e\u4f1a\u6027\u7ecf\u9a8c\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d6\u4ee3\u6027\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6b64\u79cd\u793e\u4f1a\u6027\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u591f\u900f\u8fc7\u9759\u6001\u7684\u6559\u5b66\u8fbe\u6210\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u5355\u7eaf\u53e3\u5934\u7684\u6216\u8005\u4e66\u9762\u7684\u793e\u4ea4\u6280\u5de7\u6559\u5b66\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fbe\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u5fc5\u9700\u8981\u4eb2\u8eab\u7ecf\u9a8c\u624d\u53ef\u4ee5\u3002\u6e38\u620f\u4e0e\u6587\u5316\u4ecb\u5165\u6a21\u5f0f\u76f8\u5f53\u8ba4\u540c\u5efa\u6784\u7406\u8bba\u4e0e\u4eb2\u9a8c\u4e4b\u5fc3\u7684\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7279\u522b\u5f3a\u8c03\u5728\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\uff08\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u7684\u98df\u8863\u4f4f\u884c\u80b2\u4e50\u5c31\u662f\u65e5\u5e38\u6587\u5316\u7684\u5185\u6db5\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u4ecb\u5165\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u7ecf\u7531\u5403\u996d\u3001\u7a7f\u8863\u3001\u6d17\u6fa1\u3001\u804a\u5929\u3001\u8bf4\u6545\u4e8b\u7b49\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u6587\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u4ecb\u5165\uff1b\u4f46\u5728\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u5404\u79cd\u6587\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u80fd\u529b\u4ecb\u5165\u65f6\uff0c\u81ea\u95ed\u75c7\u513f\u7ae5\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6709\u52a8\u673a\u3001\u73af\u5883\u8fc7\u4e8e\u590d\u6742\u3001\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u4e0d\u96c6\u4e2d\u3001\u611f\u5b98\u8c03\u9002\u56f0\u96be\u3001\u4ecb\u5165\u5bc6\u5ea6\u4e0d\u8db3\u3001\u5b66\u540e\u5de9\u56fa\u4e0d\u4f73\u7b49\u5404\u79cd\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u8981\u7279\u522b\u900f\u8fc7\u6e38\u620f\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6765\u5f3a\u5316\u6587\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4ee5\u6e38\u620f\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u4ecb\u5165\uff0c\u6709\u51e0\u4e2a\u597d\u5904\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7b2c\u4e00\uff1a\u6e38\u620f\u4e2d\u6709\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u4e92\u52a8\uff0c\u81ea\u95ed\u75c7\u513f\u7ae5\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u7b2c\u4e00\u624b\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u6027\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u7b26\u5408\u4eb2\u9a8c\u4e4b\u5fc3\u7684\u7406\u8bba\uff1b<\/p>\n
\u7b2c\u4e8c\uff1a\u6e38\u620f\u662f\u6709\u8da3\u7684\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u5347\u81ea\u95ed\u75c7\u513f\u7ae5\u7684\u5174\u8da3\u4e0e\u4e3b\u52a8\u6027\uff1b<\/p>\n
\u7b2c\u4e09\uff1a\u6e38\u620f\u4e2d\u5145\u6ee1\u5404\u79cd\u7684\u5047\u88c5\u4e0e\u89d2\u8272\u626e\u6f14\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u63d0\u5347\u81ea\u95ed\u75c7\u513f\u7ae5\u7684\u60f3\u8c61\u529b\u4e0e\u5fc3\u667a\u7406\u8bba\u6709\u5e2e\u52a9\uff1b<\/p>\n
\u7b2c\u56db\uff1a\u6e38\u620f\u4e2d\u5145\u6ee1\u5404\u79cd\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u63d0\u5347\u81ea\u95ed\u75c7\u513f\u7ae5\u7684\u5f39\u6027\u4e0e\u95ee\u9898\u89e3\u51b3\u80fd\u529b\u5e2e\u52a9\u9887\u5927\uff1b<\/p>\n
\u7b2c\u4e94\uff1a\u5728\u6e38\u620f\u4e2d\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u7684\u5bf9\u8bdd\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u63d0\u5347\u81ea\u95ed\u75c7\u513f\u7ae5\u7684\u8bed\u7528\u76f8\u5f53\u6709\u5e2e\u52a9\uff1b<\/p>\n
\u7b2c\u516d\uff1a\u793e\u4f1a\u6027\u6e38\u620f\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4e0e\u4eba\u5408\u4f5c\u4e0e\u534f\u8c03\uff0c\u6709\u52a9\u4e0e\u53d1\u5c55\u81ea\u95ed\u75c7\u513f\u7ae5\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u8c03\u63a7\u80fd\u529b\uff1b<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u7b2c\u4e03\uff1a\u6e38\u620f\u5408\u4e4e\u751f\u6001\u6548\u5ea6\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e00\u822c\u513f\u7ae5\u90fd\u4f1a\u73a9\u6e38\u620f\uff0c\u81ea\u95ed\u75c7\u513f\u7ae5\u5b66\u4f1a\u5404\u79cd\u6e38\u620f\u7684\u73a9\u6cd5\u540e\uff0c\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u4ed6\u4eec\u878d\u5165\u540c\u4faa\u56e2\u4f53\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u6e38\u620f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f9d\u636e\u4ecb\u5165\u76ee\u6807\u53ca\u513f\u7ae5\u7684\u7279\u6027\u91cf\u8eab\u8ba2\u505a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ecb\u5165\u5404\u79cd\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9002\u5e94\u5404\u79cd\u81ea\u95ed\u75c7\u513f\u7ae5\u7684\u9700\u8981\u3002\u7b80\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u6e38\u620f\u4e0e\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u662f\u6e38\u620f\u4e0e\u6587\u5316\u4ecb\u5165\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u4ecb\u5165\u7ba1\u9053\u4e0e\u5e73\u53f0\uff0c\u8ba9\u81ea\u95ed\u75c7\u513f\u7ae5\u5728\u6e38\u620f\u4e0e\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u81ea\u7136\u5b66\u4f1a\u5404\u79cd\u7684\u6587\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5b9e\u4f8b<\/p>\n
\u4e0b\u6587\u5c06\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u4ecb\u7ecd\u793e\u4f1a\u6027\u8d8b\u5411\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u6027\u53c2\u7167\u3001\u5206\u4eab\u5f0f\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u4e09\u79cd\u4e0e\u6587\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u6709\u5173\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u5185\u6db5\uff0c\u5e76\u8bf4\u660e\u5982\u4f55\u7ecf\u7531\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u4e0e\u6e38\u620f\u6765\u4ecb\u5165\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u505a\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n
\u4e00\uff0e \u793e\u4f1a\u6027\u8d8b\u5411\uff1a<\/p>\n
\u793e\u4f1a\u6027\u8d8b\u5411\u6307\u7684\u662f\u5728\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u60c5\u5883\u4e2d\u8d8b\u5411\u5404\u79cd\u793e\u4f1a\u6027\u523a\u6fc0\u6216\u8baf\u606f\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u503e\u5411\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4eba\u7684\u773c\u795e\u3001\u8138\u5b54\u3001\u58f0\u97f3\u3001\u52a8\u4f5c\u3001\u60c5\u7eea\u7b49\u5404\u5f0f\u5404\u6837\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u6027\u523a\u6fc0\u6216\u8005\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u8d8b\u5411\u4e0e\u54cd\u5e94\u3002\u4ee5\u5f80\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u53d1\u73b0\u81ea\u95ed\u75c7\u513f\u7ae5\u5e38\u5bf9\u4e8e\u719f\u6089\u7684\u4eba\u5c11\u6709\u8868\u60c5\u3001\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e8e\u81ea\u5904\u3001\u5f02\u5e38\u7684\u773c\u795e\u63a5\u89e6\u3001\u5bf9\u5176\u4ed6\u513f\u7ae5\u7684\u5174\u8da3\u6709\u9650\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u6027\u5fae\u7b11\u6709\u9650\u3001\u52a8\u4f5c\u6a21\u4eff\u6709\u9650\u3001\u53eb\u5176\u540d\u5b57\u54cd\u5e94\u4e0d\u4f73\u3001\u5f88\u5c11\u770b\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u624b\u4e0a\u6240\u62ff\u7684\u73a9\u5177\u7b49\u7b49\u90fd\u662f\u793e\u4f1a\u6027\u8d8b\u5411\u4e0d\u4f73\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8981\u4ecb\u5165\u81ea\u95ed\u75c7\u513f\u7ae5\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u6027\u8d8b\u5411\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u51e0\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n
1. \u5728\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u4f8b\u884c\u6027\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e2d\uff0c\u85c9\u7531\u4e2d\u65ad\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\uff0c\u8bf1\u53d1\u81ea\u95ed\u75c7\u513f\u7ae5\u7684\u773c\u795e\u6ce8\u89c6\uff1b<\/p>\n
2. \u6a21\u4eff\u81ea\u95ed\u75c7\u513f\u7ae5\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u523a\u6fc0\u4e0e\u91cd\u590d\u6027\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff1b<\/p>\n
3. \u611f\u5b98\u80a2\u4f53\u52a8\u4f5c\u4e4b\u793e\u4f1a\u6027\u6e38\u620f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5206\u522b\u52a0\u4ee5\u8bf4\u660e\u8fd9\u51e0\u79cd\u505a\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8bf4\u660e1\uff1a\u5728\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u4ecb\u5165<\/p>\n
\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u5145\u6ee1\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u7684\u4f8b\u884c\u6027\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5403\u996d\u3001\u6d17\u6fa1\u3001\u7761\u89c9\u7b49\u90fd\u662f\u513f\u7ae5\u5f88\u719f\u6089\u7684\u4f8b\u884c\u6027\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u513f\u7ae5\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u6d3b\u52a8\u53d1\u751f\u60c5\u5883\u8109\u7edc\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u65e5\u5e38\u7684\u4f8b\u884c\u6027\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e2d\uff0c\u7a81\u7136\u4e2d\u65ad\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u513f\u7ae5\u4f1a\u77e5\u9053\u4e8b\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f83\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u900f\u8fc7\u53e3\u8bed\u3001\u52a8\u4f5c\u6216\u8005\u773c\u795e\u6ce8\u89c6\u52a0\u4ee5\u8865\u6551\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u6d3b\u52a8\u80fd\u6301\u7eed\u8fdb\u884c\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\u4ecb\u5165\u8005\u5e94\u8be5\u8981\u7b49\u5f85\u5b69\u5b50\u53cd\u5e94\u81f3\u5c115\uff5e10\u79d2\uff0c\u513f\u7ae5\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u4ee5\u58f0\u97f3\u3001\u53e3\u8bed\u6216\u8005\u52a8\u4f5c\u534f\u52a9\u513f\u7ae5\uff0c\u521d\u671f\u4ecb\u5165\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u513f\u7ae5\u7684\u773c\u795e\u6ce8\u89c6\u4e3a\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u4ecb\u5165\u76ee\u6807\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u5403\u996d\u65f6\uff0c\u6545\u610f\u4e0d\u5939\u83dc\u7ed9\u81ea\u95ed\u75c7\u513f\u7ae5\uff0c\u8bf1\u53d1\u81ea\u95ed\u75c7\u513f\u7ae5\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u7b49\u5f85\u81ea\u95ed\u75c7\u513f\u7ae5\u6709\u6240\u52a8\u4f5c\u65f6\uff0c\u8bbe\u6cd5\u5438\u5f15\u4ed6\u7684\u76ee\u5149\u540e\uff08\u53ef\u4ee5\u58f0\u97f3\u6216\u8005\u52a8\u4f5c\u5438\u5f15\u513f\u7ae5\u7684\u76ee\u5149\uff09\uff0c\u624d\u5c06\u7897\u7ed9\u4ed6\u6216\u8005\u83dc\u5939\u7ed9\u4ed6\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u5403\u996d\u5916\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u8bf8\u5982\u6d17\u6fa1\u65f6\u4e0e\u6563\u6b65\u7b49\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u6d3b\u52a8\u90fd\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u673a\u4f1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ecb\u5165\u793e\u4f1a\u6027\u8d8b\u5411\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4ee5\u641e\u7b11\u6700\u4e3a\u53ef\u884c\uff0c\u4ea6\u5373\u900f\u8fc7\u5938\u5f20\u7684\u8868\u60c5\u3001\u52a8\u4f5c\u6216\u8005\u58f0\u97f3\u6765\u5438\u5f15\u513f\u7ae5\uff0c\u8ba9\u513f\u7ae5\u6ce8\u89c6\u6216\u8005\u63a5\u8fd1\u4f60\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u5f88\u6709\u6548\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8bf4\u660e2\uff1a\u6a21\u4eff\u6e38\u620f<\/p>\n
\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u53d1\u73b0\u6a21\u4eff\u81ea\u95ed\u75c7\u513f\u7ae5\u53ef\u4ee5\u589e\u8fdb\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6a21\u4eff\u8005\u7684\u6ce8\u89c6\u6216\u8005\u5fae\u7b11\u7b49\u793e\u4f1a\u6027\u8d8b\u5411\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u6b64\u4e00\u505a\u6cd5\u76f8\u5f53\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u4f46\u76f8\u5f53\u8017\u8d39\u4f53\u529b\u3002\u6a21\u4eff\u4ed6\u4eec\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u8bc4\u65ad\u4ed6\u4eec\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u597d\u574f\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u523a\u6fc0\u6027\u884c\u4e3a\u6216\u8005\u91cd\u590d\u6027\u884c\u4e3a\u90fd\u52a0\u4ee5\u6a21\u4eff\uff1b\u6a21\u4eff\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u53e3\u8bed\u63cf\u8ff0\u6b63\u5728\u6a21\u4eff\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u4ee5\u5f3a\u5316\u513f\u7ae5\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u3002\u6a21\u4eff\u65f6\uff0c\u653e\u8fdb\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf1\u53d1\u5927\u80a2\u4f53\u52a8\u4f5c\u7684\u73a9\u5177\u6548\u679c\u4f1a\u6bd4\u8f83\u597d\uff0c\u4f46\u5207\u52ff\u653e\u8fdb\u513f\u7ae5\u9ad8\u5ea6\u559c\u6b22\u7684\u73a9\u5177\uff08\u53ea\u8981\u653e\u8fdb\u4e2d\u7b49\u559c\u6b22\u7684\u73a9\u5177\uff09\u4e0e\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u9ad8\u7684\u73a9\u5177\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u513f\u7ae5\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u8fc7\u6e21\u7740\u8ff7\u4e8e\u73a9\u5177\u7684\u64cd\u5f04\uff0c\u800c\u5ffd\u89c6\u65c1\u8fb9\u6a21\u4eff\u4ed6\u7684\u4eba\u3002\u4e00\u65e6\u513f\u7ae5\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6a21\u4eff\u6e38\u620f\u4ea7\u751f\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u60f3\u8981\u4e0e\u4ecb\u5165\u8005\u4e92\u52a8\u65f6\uff0c\u4ecb\u5165\u8005\u5e94\u81ea\u7136\u5730\u54cd\u5e94\u513f\u7ae5\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0e\u5176\u4e92\u52a8\uff0c\u4e0d\u5fc5\u518d\u6a21\u4eff\u4ed6\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8bf4\u660e3\uff1a\u611f\u5b98\u80a2\u4f53\u52a8\u4f5c\u4e4b\u793e\u4f1a\u6027\u6e38\u620f<\/p>\n
\u81ea\u95ed\u75c7\u513f\u7ae5\u5e38\u6709\u611f\u5b98\u52a8\u4f5c\u5f02\u5e38\u7684\u60c5\u5f62\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u662f\u8fc7\u4e8e\u654f\u611f\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u662f\u8fc7\u4e8e\u8fdf\u949d\uff0c\u8fc7\u4e8e\u654f\u611f\u8005\u5219\u8981\u907f\u514d\u5f3a\u70c8\u7684\u523a\u6fc0\uff0c\u4e0d\u7136\u513f\u7ae5\u4f1a\u9003\u907f\u4e0e\u4eba\u7684\u63a5\u89e6\uff1b\u8fc7\u4e8e\u8fdf\u949d\u8005\u5219\u6709\u5f3a\u70c8\u611f\u5b98\u52a8\u4f5c\u523a\u6fc0\u4e0a\u7684\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u5f88\u9002\u5408\u7528\u6765\u5f53\u4f5c\u4ecb\u5165\u7684\u5a92\u4ecb\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5217\u51fa\u51e0\u4e2a\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6e38\u620f\u4ee5\u4e3a\u53c2\u8003\uff1a<\/p>\n
\u4ee5\u89c6\u89c9\u4e3a\u4e3b\u7684\u6e38\u620f\uff1a<\/p>\n
\u25ce \u5439\u6ce1\u6ce1<\/p>\n
\u25ce \u5439\u6c14\u7403<\/p>\n
\u25ce \u4f1a\u53d1\u51fa\u5149\u7ebf\u7684\u65cb\u8f6c\u98ce\u8f66<\/p>\n
\u4ee5\u524d\u5ead\u89c9\u4e3a\u4e3b\u7684\u6e38\u620f<\/p>\n
\u25ce \u8d5b\u8dd1\u6e38\u620f\uff0c\u50cf\u662f\u8ffd\u9010\u6216\u8005\u9a91\u9a6c\u6e38\u620f<\/p>\n
\u25ce \u4e0a\u4e0a\u4e0b\u4e0b\u6e38\u620f<\/p>\n
\u25ce \u8361\u79cb\u5343<\/p>\n
\u25ce \u8df3\u8dc3\u6e38\u620f<\/p>\n
\u25ce \u6447\u6643\u6e38\u620f<\/p>\n
\u4ee5\u672c\u4f53\u89c9\u4e3a\u4e3b\u7684\u6e38\u620f<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u25ce \u6324\u538b\u6e38\u620f\uff0c\u50cf\u662f\u62e5\u62b1<\/p>\n
\u25ce \u89e6\u6478\u6e38\u620f\uff0c\u50cf\u662f\u5475\u75d2<\/p>\n
\u25ce \u6293\u63e1\u6e38\u620f\uff0c\u50cf\u662f\u624b\u90e8\u6324\u538b\u3001\u4e3e\u624b\u51fb\u638c\u3001\u62e5\u62b1\u3001\u62cd\u624b<\/p>\n
\u25ce \u9a91\u9a6c\u6e38\u620f<\/p>\n
\u5728\u73a9\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u6e38\u620f\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u513f\u7ae5\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u6bd4\u8f83\u9ad8\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u4e0e\u513f\u7ae5\u73a9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6e38\u620f\uff0c\u5728\u513f\u7ae5\u73a9\u51fa\u5174\u8da3\u540e\uff0c\u4e2d\u65ad\u6d3b\u52a8\u51e0\u79d2\u949f\uff0c\u7b49\u5f85\u513f\u7ae5\u4ee5\u773c\u795e\u6ce8\u89c6\u4f60\u65f6\uff0c\u518d\u7ee7\u7eed\u73a9\u3002\u5982\u679c\u513f\u7ae5\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u6bd4\u8f83\u4f4e\uff0c\u5219\u8981\u5148\u5efa\u7acb\u89c4\u5f8b\u6027\uff0c\u518d\u4e2d\u65ad\u6e38\u620f\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u5176\u505a\u6cd5\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a\u4f8b\u5982\u513f\u7ae5\u559c\u6b22\u524d\u5ead\u523a\u6fc0\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u513f\u7ae5\u8eba\u5728\u4e00\u5757\u5e03\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e24\u4e2a\u5927\u4eba\u5404\u6293\u7740\u5e03\u7684\u4e00\u5934\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5f00\u59cb\u6447\u6643\u4ed6\uff0c\u6bcf\u6447\u4e24\u4e0b\u5c31\u505c\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u518d\u6447\u4e24\u4e0b\u518d\u505c\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u53e3\u4e2d\u8bf4\u201c\u6447\uff0c\u6447\uff0c\u505c\u3002\u201d\uff0c\u4ee5\u914d\u5408\u6447\u7684\u89c4\u5f8b\u6027\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u91cd\u590d\u597d\u51e0\u6b21\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u5230\u5927\u4eba\u548c\u5c0f\u5b69\u90fd\u5f88\u4e60\u60ef\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u6447\u6643\u9891\u7387\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u7a81\u7136\u5728\u67d0\u4e00\u6b21\u201c\u505c\u201d\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u505c\u4e0b\u6765\u4e0d\u61c2\uff0c\u4e0d\u518d\u7ee7\u7eed\u6447\u6643\uff0c\u770b\u770b\u5b69\u5b50\u4f1a\u5728\u63d0\u793a\u4e0b\u6ce8\u89c6\u5927\u4eba\u65f6\uff0c\u5927\u4eba\u65e2\u8981\u6d88\u892a\u63d0\u793a\uff0c\u8ba9\u513f\u7ae5\u81ea\u884c\u7684\u6ce8\u89c6\u5927\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u559c\u6b22\u524d\u5ead\u523a\u6fc0\u7684\u513f\u7ae5\u653e\u5728\u5927\u9f99\u7403\u4e0a\uff0c\u5f80\u524d\u6eda\uff0c\u5f80\u540e\u6eda\uff0c\u505c\u6b62\uff0c\u5634\u91cc\u8bf4\u7740\u201c\u6eda\uff0c\u6eda\uff0c\u505c\u3002\u201d\uff0c\u5176\u4f59\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u5982\u4e0a\u6240\u8ff0\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\uff0e \u793e\u4f1a\u6027\u53c2\u7167<\/p>\n
\u793e\u4f1a\u6027\u53c2\u7167\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6c9f\u901a\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u6307\u7684\u662f\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u9762\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ed6\u65e0\u6cd5\u51b3\u5b9a\u7684\u60c5\u5883\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u53c2\u7167\u4ed6\u4eba\uff0c\u4ece\u4ed6\u4eba\u8eab\u4e0a\u83b7\u5f97\u5bf9\u4e8e\u60c5\u5883\u8be0\u91ca\u7684\u8baf\u606f\uff0c\u4ee5\u51b3\u5b9a\u8981\u5982\u4f55\u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\u884c\u52a8\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u5a74\u513f\u7ea6\u57289\u4e2a\u6708\u5927\u65f6\u53d1\u5c55\u51fa\u793e\u4f1a\u53c2\u7167\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u6b64\u4e00\u80fd\u529b\u5927\u81f4\u4e0a\u662f\u4e0e\u5206\u4eab\u5f0f\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u53ca\u6a21\u4eff\u7b49\u80fd\u529b\u540c\u65f6\u671f\u53d1\u5c55\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u3002\u793e\u4f1a\u6027\u53c2\u7167\u53ef\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\uff1a\uff081\uff09\u53c2\u7167\u7269\uff1a\u5f71\u54cd\u8baf\u606f\u7684\u4e3b\u9898\u3002\uff082\uff09\u53c2\u7167\u8005\uff1a\u88ab\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u4e2a\u4f53\u3002\uff083\uff09\u88ab\u53c2\u7167\u8005\uff1a\u5f71\u54cd\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u4eba\u3002\u8fdb\u884c\u793e\u4f1a\u6027\u53c2\u7167\u4ecb\u5165\u65f6\uff0c\u5927\u81f4\u4e0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u4e3a\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u4ecb\u5165\u53ca\u6e38\u620f\u4e2d\u4ecb\u5165\u4e8c\u79cd\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u8bf4\u660e\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n
1. \u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u4ecb\u5165<\/p>\n
\u5728\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u673a\u4f1a\u8fdb\u884c\u793e\u4f1a\u6027\u53c2\u7167\u7684\u4ecb\u5165\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5728\u8d85\u5e02\u4e70\u4e1c\u897f\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8981\u513f\u7ae5\u5e2e\u4f60\u62ff\u4f60\u60f3\u8981\u4e70\u7684\u98df\u7269\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u8981\u4e70\u6c34\u679c\uff0c\u4f60\u7ad9\u5728\u8f83\u8fdc\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u6307\u7740\u67d0\u4e00\u9897\u82f9\u679c\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u5c0f\u660e\uff0c\u5e2e\u5988\u5988\u62ff\u8fd9\u4e00\u9897\u82f9\u679c\u201d\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\uff0c\u5c0f\u660e\u8981\u770b\u7740\u4f60\u6307\u5411\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u9897\u82f9\u679c\uff08\u5373\u53c2\u7167\u4f60\uff09\uff0c\u95ee\u201c\u662f\u8fd9\u4e00\u9897\u5417\uff1f\u201d\uff0c\u4f60\u6216\u8005\u70b9\u5934\u6216\u8005\u6447\u5934\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u786e\u8ba4\u3002\u5728\u9910\u684c\u4e0a\u5403\u996d\u65f6\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u793e\u4f1a\u6027\u53c2\u7167\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u513f\u7ae5\u8981\u7236\u6bcd\u5e2e\u4ed6\u5939\u83dc\u65f6\uff0c\u5927\u4eba\u53ef\u4ee5\u88c5\u4f5c\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u8981\u5939\u54ea\u9053\u83dc\uff0c\u8981\u513f\u7ae5\u4ee5\u624b\u6307\u5411\u90a3\u9053\u83dc\u65f6\uff0c\u624d\u5939\u7ed9\u4ed6\u5403\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f8\u53cd\u8fc7\u6765\uff0c\u5927\u4eba\u8981\u513f\u7ae5\u5e2e\u5fd9\u5939\u83dc\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u8981\u660e\u786e\u8bf4\u6216\u8005\u6307\u6240\u8981\u5403\u7684\u83dc\uff0c\u5f85\u513f\u7ae5\u8be2\u95ee\u65f6\uff0c\u624d\u6307\u5411\u6240\u8981\u7684\u83dc\u3002<\/p>\n
2. \u6e38\u620f\u4e2d\u4ecb\u5165<\/p>\n
\u6709\u76f8\u5f53\u591a\u7684\u6e38\u620f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u793e\u4f1a\u6027\u53c2\u7167\u7684\u4ecb\u5165\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u5c31\u662f\u8981\u5728\u6e38\u620f\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5236\u9020\u8bb8\u591a\u7684\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\uff0c\u8ba9\u513f\u7ae5\u6765\u53c2\u7167\u4ed6\u4eba\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e3e\u51e0\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u6765\u52a0\u4ee5\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a<\/p>\n
A\uff0e \u8ff7\u6d25\u6e38\u620f\uff1a\u4ee5\u957f\u6761\u7eb8\u5236\u4f5c\u591a\u6761\u5206\u53c9\u8def\u7684\u8ff7\u6d25\u6e38\u620f\uff0c\u5c06\u7eb8\u5377\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u9732\u51fa\u5206\u53c9\u8def\u53e3\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u80fd\u8ba9\u513f\u7ae5\u770b\u5230\u51fa\u53e3\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\uff0c\u513f\u7ae5\u53ea\u80fd\u770b\u4f60\uff0c\u6307\u7740\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5206\u53c9\u8def\uff0c\u95ee\u4f60\u662f\u8981\u5f80\u8fd9\u8fb9\u8d70\u5417\uff1f\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u70b9\u5934\u6216\u8005\u6447\u5934\u6765\u52a0\u4ee5\u786e\u8ba4\u3002\u6b64\u4e00\u6e38\u620f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u8ff7\u6d25\u4e2d\u5236\u9020\u8bb8\u591a\u793e\u4f1a\u6027\u53c2\u7167\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\uff0c\u7b49\u5230\u513f\u7ae5\u4f1a\u53c2\u7167\u4f60\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4f60\u518d\u4e0e\u513f\u7ae5\u4e92\u6362\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u7531\u4f60\u6765\u8d70\u8ff7\u6d25\uff0c\u53c2\u7167\u513f\u7ae5\uff0c\u5e76\u7531\u513f\u7ae5\u6765\u786e\u8ba4\u662f\u8981\u5f80\u90a3\u4e00\u6761\u8def\u8d70\u3002<\/p>\n
B\uff0e \u73a9\u4e22\u4eba\u7403\u7684\u6e38\u620f\uff1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6570\u4eba\u8d34\u7ad9\u7740\u5899\u58c1\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\uff08\u4e0b\u6307\u4ee4\u8005\uff0c\u5373\u88ab\u53c2\u7167\u8005\uff09\u4ee5\u773c\u775b\u6216\u8005\u4ee5\u624b\u6307\u5411\u7ad9\u5728\u5899\u58c1\u4e0a\u7684\u67d0\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\uff08\u5373\u53c2\u7167\u8005\uff09\u5219\u4f9d\u4e0b\u6307\u4ee4\u8005\u7684\u773c\u795e\u6216\u8005\u624b\u6307\u7528\u7403\u4e22\u5411\u5176\u5236\u5b9a\u7684\u4eba\uff1b\u6240\u6709\u7684\u73a9\u8005\u5e94\u8f6e\u6d41\u62c5\u4efb\u5176\u4e2d\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u5b66\u4e60\u62c5\u4efb\u53c2\u7167\u8005\u4e0e\u88ab\u53c2\u7167\u8005\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u3002<\/p>\n
C\uff0e \u731c\u624b\u4e2d\u7269\uff1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u53f3\u624b\u6216\u8005\u5de6\u624b\u4e2d\u653e\u4e00\u4e2a\u513f\u7ae5\u559c\u6b22\u7684\u7269\u54c1\uff08\u4f46\u4e0d\u80fd\u8ba9\u513f\u7ae5\u77e5\u9053\u4e1c\u897f\u653e\u5728\u54ea\u4e00\u53ea\u624b\uff09\uff0c\u8981\u513f\u7ae5\u4ee5\u624b\u6307\u5411\u67d0\u4e00\u53ea\u624b\u6765\u731c\u7269\u54c1\u653e\u5728\u90a3\u4e00\u53ea\u624b\uff0c\u731c\u65f6\uff0c\u513f\u7ae5\u8981\u53c2\u7167\u5927\u4eba\u7684\u8138\u90e8\u7684\u8868\u60c5\uff0c\u5927\u4eba\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u7b11\u8138\u6216\u8005\u54ed\u8138\u6765\u8ba9\u513f\u7ae5\u5f97\u77e5\u7269\u54c1\u662f\u653e\u5728\u54ea\u4e00\u53ea\u624b\uff0c\u513f\u7ae5\u731c\u5bf9\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u62b1\u62b1\u4ed6\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u8ba9\u4ed6\u73a9\u8be5\u7269\u54c1\u7b49\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9f13\u52b1\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e09\uff0e \u5206\u4eab\u5f0f\u6ce8\u610f\u529b<\/p>\n
\u5206\u4eab\u5f0f\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u5e7f\u4e49\u7684\u8bf4\u662f\u6307\u513f\u7ae5\u4e0e\u5176\u793e\u4f1a\u4f19\u4f34\u534f\u8c03\u5f7c\u6b64\u89c6\u89c9\u6027\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u6b64\u4e00\u80fd\u529b\u5305\u62ec\u54cd\u5e94\u6027\uff08responsive\uff09\u4e0e\u4e3b\u52a8\u6027\uff08initiative\uff09\u5206\u4eab\u5f0f\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u884c\u4e3a\u5305\u62ec\u773c\u795e\u4ea4\u66ff\uff08eye alternating\uff09\u3001\u624b\u6307\u6307\u793a\uff08pointing\uff09\u3001\u8ddf\u968f\u624b\u6307\u6307\u793a\uff08following point\uff09\u3001\u5c55\u793a\uff08showing\uff09\u3001\u773c\u795e\u8ffd\u89c6\uff08gaze following\uff09\u7b49\u591a\u79cd\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u81ea\u95ed\u75c7\u513f\u7ae5\u5e38\u5e38\u65e0\u6cd5\u4e0e\u4eba\u5206\u4eab\u5174\u8da3\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u7ecf\u7531\u624b\u6307\u6307\u793a\u3001\u7ed9\u4e88\u548c\u5c55\u793a\uff09\u3001\u5bf9\u522b\u4eba\u624b\u52bf\u7684\u6c9f\u901a\u65e0\u80fd\u56de\u5e94\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u7ecf\u7531\u624b\u6307\u6307\u793a\u3001\u7ed9\u4e88\u548c\u5c55\u793a\uff09\u3001\u60c5\u611f\u4e0e\u4e50\u8da3\u7684\u5206\u4eab\u6709\u9650\u7b49\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6781\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4ecb\u5165\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u4f46\u5bf9\u4e8e\u81ea\u95ed\u75c7\u513f\u7ae5\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u662f\u76f8\u5f53\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\u8fbe\u6210\u7684\u4ecb\u5165\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6b64\u4e00\u80fd\u529b\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6709\u5b9e\u8d28\u6027\u7684\u597d\u5904\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u4e0e\u4eba\u5206\u4eab\u6240\u89c1\u6240\u95fb\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u52a8\u673a\u4e0a\u8f83\u96be\u8bf1\u53d1\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8bf4\u660e\u5728\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u4e0e\u6e38\u620f\u4e2d\u4ecb\u5165\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
1. \u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u7684\u4ecb\u5165<\/p>\n
\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u673a\u4f1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u6b64\u4e00\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u793a\u8303\u4e0e\u8bad\u7ec3\uff0c\u5bb6\u957f\u6216\u8005\u8001\u5e08\u8981\u628a\u63e1\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\uff0c\u503c\u5f97\u5206\u4eab\u7684\u79cd\u79cd\u98df\u7269\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u5230\u8d85\u5e02\u65f6\uff0c\u770b\u5230\u4ee5\u524d\u6ca1\u6709\u770b\u5230\u7684\u6c34\u679c\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u624b\u6307\u5411\u6c34\u679c\u8bf4\u201c\u5c0f\u660e\uff0c\u4f60\u770b\u8fd9\u6c34\u679c\u597d\u7279\u6b8a\u54e6\uff01\u201d\uff0c\u8bf4\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ea\u624b\u8981\u6307\u5411\u6c34\u679c\uff0c\u8138\u4e0a\u4e5f\u8981\u6709\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u8868\u60c5\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u518d\u914d\u4e0a\u52a8\u4f5c\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f15\u8d77\u513f\u7ae5\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u8ba9\u4ed6\u77e5\u9053\u4f60\u8981\u4e0e\u4ed6\u5206\u4eab\uff1b\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u642d\u8f66\u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u8f66\u4e0a\u6240\u770b\u5230\u7684\u666f\u8272\u4e0e\u513f\u7ae5\u5206\u4eab\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5728\u5403\u996d\u65f6\uff0c\u773c\u775b\u770b\u5411\u4ece\u6ca1\u6709\u770b\u8fc7\u7684\u7092\u83dc\uff0c\u4e00\u9762\u4e0e\u513f\u7ae5\u5206\u4eab\uff0c\u8bf4\u201c\u597d\u9999\u7684\u83dc!\u201d\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5bb6\u4e2d\u7684\u5899\u58c1\u4e0a\u5e38\u5e38\u66f4\u52a8\u6240\u6302\u7684\u753b\u6216\u8005\u513f\u7ae5\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u8ba9\u5f7c\u6b64\u90fd\u6709\u673a\u4f1a\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u4eab\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u5728\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u4eab\u7684\u4e8b\u7269\u76f8\u5f53\u7684\u591a\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u5927\u4eba\u5584\u52a0\u8fd0\u7528\uff0c\u5230\u5904\u90fd\u662f\u673a\u4f1a\u3002<\/p>\n
2. \u6e38\u620f\u4e2d\u7684\u4ecb\u5165<\/p>\n
\u5bb6\u957f\u6216\u8005\u8001\u5e08\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u8ba1\u591a\u79cd\u7684\u6e38\u620f\u6765\u8ba9\u513f\u7ae5\u5b66\u4e60\u5206\u4eab\u5f0f\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\uff0c\u5728\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6e38\u620f\u65f6\uff0c\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u73a9\u5177\u8d8a\u7b80\u5355\u8d8a\u597d\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u91cd\u70b9\u4e0d\u5728\u73a9\u5177\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u5236\u9020\u5206\u4eab\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\uff0c\u73a9\u5177\u592a\u590d\u6742\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u513f\u7ae5\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5c06\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u653e\u5728\u73a9\u5177\u8eab\u4e0a\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u96be\u4ee5\u4e0e\u4eba\u5206\u4eab\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ecb\u7ecd\u51e0\u79cd\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n
A\uff0e \u4e0e\u513f\u7ae5\u73a9\u7eb8\u724c\u65f6\uff0c\u5728\u6d17\u724c\u65f6\uff0c\u7b28\u624b\u7b28\u811a\u5730\u6545\u610f\u5c06\u724c\u6d17\u5230\u724c\u684c\u5916\uff0c\u5236\u9020\u610f\u5916\uff0c\u8ba9\u513f\u7ae5\u4e3b\u52a8\u4e0e\u5927\u4eba\u5206\u4eab\u3002<\/p>\n
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\u5168\u6587\u5b8c<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
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